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Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification of Prions
10:12

Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification of Prions

Published on: November 7, 2012

18.8K

In vitro replication highlights the mutability of prions

Ilaria Vanni1, Michele Angelo Di Bari1, Laura Pirisinu1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety; Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Rome, Italy.

Prion
|March 13, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Prion strains exhibit mutability, reflecting variations in PrP(Sc) conformation. In vitro studies show that prion mutability is an intrinsic property, emerging after large population passages rather than bottleneck events.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Prion Biology

Background:

  • Prions, infectious proteins, exist as diverse strains characterized by distinct PrP(Sc) conformations.
  • Prion strain mutation (mutability) is hypothesized to arise from inherent heterogeneity within prion populations, akin to quasispecies dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vitro mutability of two distinct prion strains under controlled conditions.
  • To determine the influence of population size and passage dynamics (large vs. bottleneck) on prion strain variation.

Main Methods:

  • Serial propagation of two prion strains using protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) under constant environmental pressure.
  • Comparison of prion propagation at low seed dilution (large populations) versus limiting dilution (bottleneck events).
  • Monitoring of PrP(Sc) conformational variants throughout the propagation process.

Main Results:

  • PrP(Sc) conformational variants, indicative of mutability, were identified in both strains exclusively after large population passages.
  • Repeated bottleneck events led to a significant decrease in prion amplification rates for both strains.
  • Mutability was observed to be an intrinsic characteristic of the prion populations studied.

Conclusions:

  • Prion mutability is an inherent property, not solely dependent on bottleneck events.
  • Large population passages facilitate the emergence and detection of prion strain variants.
  • The findings support the quasispecies model for prion evolution and diversification.
Keywords:
PMCAPrPScWestern blottingprionprion mutationquasispecies

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