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Related Concept Videos

The Apoplast and Symplast01:46

The Apoplast and Symplast

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Plant growth depends on its ability to take up water and dissolved minerals from the soil. The root system of every plant is equipped with the necessary tissues to facilitate the entry of water and solutes. The plant tissues involved in the transport of water and minerals have two major compartments - the apoplast and the symplast. The apoplast includes everything outside the plasma membrane of living cells and consists of cell walls, extracellular spaces, xylem, phloem, and tracheids. The...
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Transcellular Transport of Solutes01:23

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Transcellular transport of solutes is the movement of substances like monosaccharides and amino acids through polarized cells. This transport mechanism is primarily seen in epithelial and endothelial cells aided by membrane transport proteins such as channels and transporters. The tight junctions between these cells confine the membrane proteins to the two sides of the cell. The epithelial cells have distinct apical and basolateral domains. In contrast, the endothelial cells show the luminal...
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Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

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Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
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Plasmodesmata02:32

Plasmodesmata

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The organs in a multicellular organism’s body are made up of tissues formed by cells. To work together cohesively, cells must communicate. One way that cells communicate is through direct contact with other cells. The points of contact that connect adjacent cells are called intercellular junctions.
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Plasmodesmata01:20

Plasmodesmata

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In a multicellular organism, cells must communicate to work together in a coordinated manner. One way that cells communicate is through direct contact with other cells. The points of contact that connect adjacent cells are called intercellular junctions.
Intercellular junctions are a feature of fungal, plant, and animal cells. However, different types of junctions are found in different kinds of cells. Intercellular junctions found in animal cells include tight junctions, gap junctions, and...
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Water and Mineral Acquisition02:34

Water and Mineral Acquisition

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Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
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Symplastic intercellular transport from a developmental perspective.

Yoselin Benitez-Alfonso1

  • 1Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|March 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasmodesmata are crucial channels for plant cell communication and development. Understanding their regulation is key to unlocking secrets of plant growth and response to environmental changes.

Keywords:
Intercellular communicationmeristem developmentplasmadesmata regulationplasmodesmataplasmodesmata proteinssymplastic transport.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Plasmodesmata are essential channels facilitating symplastic molecular transport between plant cells.
  • Their role in plant development, including metabolite and signaling molecule transport, is well-established.
  • Mechanisms regulating plasmodesmata in response to environmental and developmental cues remain largely unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize recent findings on plasmodesmata composition, regulation, and function.
  • To discuss factors influencing symplastic transport and their impact on plant development.
  • To identify challenges in understanding symplastic communication during plant meristem formation and maintenance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on plasmodesmata.
  • Analysis of studies on regulatory factors of symplastic transport.
  • Synthesis of information on plasmodesmata's role in plant meristems.

Main Results:

  • Recent advancements have shed light on plasmodesmata composition and function.
  • Several factors regulating symplastic transport and plant development have been identified.
  • The precise regulatory mechanisms remain a significant area for future research.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmodesmata are vital for plant development, mediating intercellular communication.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex regulatory mechanisms controlling plasmodesmata.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is critical for addressing challenges in plant meristem development and response.