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Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
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Related Experiment Video

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Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures
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Diplopia and orbital wall fractures.

Paolo Boffano1, Fabio Roccia, Cesare Gallesio

  • 1From the *Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Head and Neck Department, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and †Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center/Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|March 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Diplopia, or double vision, is common after orbital wall fractures. This study found that specific types of diplopia can indicate the location of orbital floor or medial wall fractures.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Diplopia is a frequent symptom following orbital wall fractures.
  • Understanding the patterns of diplopia can aid in diagnosing specific fracture locations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and patterns of diplopia in patients with orbital wall blow-out fractures.
  • To identify correlations between diplopia and the site of orbital wall fractures.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 447 patients with pure blow-out orbital wall fractures from two European centers (2001-2010).
  • Data collected from maxillofacial fracture databases.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients hospitalized with pure blow-out orbital wall fractures.

Main Results:

  • Diplopia was present in 50.7% of patients (227/447).
  • Diplopia on eye elevation was significantly associated with orbital floor fractures (P < 0.05).
  • Horizontal diplopia was significantly associated with medial wall fractures (P < 0.000005).

Conclusions:

  • Diplopia on eye elevation is a potential indicator of orbital floor fractures.
  • Horizontal diplopia may suggest a medial wall fracture.
  • These findings can assist clinicians in evaluating orbital trauma patients.