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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Neuronal migration and its disorders affecting the CA3 region.

Richard Belvindrah1, Marika Nosten-Bertrand1, Fiona Francis1

  • 1INSERM UMR-S 839 Paris, France ; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Univ Paris 06 Paris, France ; Institut du Fer à Moulin Paris, France.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
|March 14, 2014
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Summary

This review explores CA3 neuronal migration disorders in rodents, linking human conditions to mouse models. Understanding these defects aids research into neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Keywords:
epilepsyhippocampuslaminationmouse mutantneurodevelopment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hippocampal development involves intricate neuronal migration.
  • Malformations in human hippocampus are well-documented.
  • CA3 region-specific defects are a focus of study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review CA3 neuronal migration disorders in rodents.
  • To connect human hippocampal malformations with rodent models.
  • To understand CA3-dependent functions and vulnerabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hippocampal development.
  • Analysis of mouse mutants with structural hippocampal defects.
  • Examination of molecular, physiological, and behavioral phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Genes causing human cortical migration disorders induce CA3 phenotypes in mice.
  • Mouse mutants reveal insights into CA3-dependent functions.
  • Identified factors may underlie CA3 vulnerability.

Conclusions:

  • Rodent models are crucial for studying CA3 neuronal migration disorders.
  • Understanding CA3 vulnerability may inform treatments for neurological and psychiatric conditions.