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Temporal discounting and criminal thinking: understanding cognitive processes to align services.

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Temporal discounting, a measure of impulsivity, is linked to reactive criminal thinking in adult offenders. Higher incarceration rates correlate with greater temporal discounting, suggesting tailored treatments for criminal justice settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Criminology
  • Neuroeconomics

Background:

  • Temporal discounting, an indicator of impulsivity, is associated with risky behaviors like substance abuse and gambling.
  • Criminal behavior involves risky choices, yet temporal discounting has not been studied in adult offenders.
  • Understanding temporal discounting in offenders could illuminate cognitive processes underlying criminal thinking and risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between temporal discounting and criminal attitudes/behaviors in adult male inmates.
  • To explore potential differences in temporal discounting based on criminal thinking styles (proactive vs. reactive) and incarceration history.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved 146 male inmates nearing release.
  • Temporal discounting was assessed in relation to criminal thinking patterns and incarceration history.

Main Results:

  • Temporal discounting was significantly correlated with reactive criminal thinking.
  • No significant correlation was found between temporal discounting and proactive criminal thinking.
  • Inmates with a higher number of prior incarcerations exhibited higher rates of temporal discounting.

Conclusions:

  • Temporal discounting may underlie reactive criminal thinking, distinct from proactive criminal thinking.
  • Incarceration history is associated with temporal discounting rates, suggesting potential differences in cognitive processes among offenders.
  • Findings have implications for targeted interventions in criminal justice, particularly for individuals with reactive criminal thinking.