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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen01:14

Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen

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A device engineer plays a crucial role in designing user interfaces for mobile devices. One such interface is the resistive touchscreen, which fundamentally consists of two metallic layers: a flexible upper layer and a rigid lower layer, separated by a narrow gap. The high resistance between these two layers is a key characteristic of this design.
When a user touches the screen, the two layers make contact at a specific point known as the touchpoint. This contact reduces the resistance between...
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Design Example01:23

Design Example

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The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
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Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
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Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
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Sensory Modalities01:15

Sensory Modalities

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Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
General senses refer to the broad category of sensory information detected by receptors in the body and can be further grouped into somatic and visceral senses. Somatic sensations include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain and are essential for navigating our environment and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind
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Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind

Published on: March 27, 2013

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"VisionTouch Phone" for the Blind.

Robest Yong1

  • 1Innovation Fellow, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences : MJMS
|March 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a platform to help blind individuals use smartphones for calls and texts. The technology aims to improve accessibility and enable new applications for the visually impaired.

Area of Science:

  • Assistive Technology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Accessibility Research

Background:

  • Smartphones are integral to modern communication and information access.
  • Visually impaired individuals face significant challenges using touchscreen interfaces.
  • Existing accessibility solutions for mobile devices have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an innovative platform enabling blind users to operate smartphones with ease, speed, and accuracy.
  • To facilitate the use of touchscreen devices for making calls and sending text messages (SMS).
  • To foster the development of new applications, including games, educational tools, and safety features, for the blind community.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel platform designed for tactile navigation of smartphone interfaces.
Keywords:
Blindinnovationsmobilephone

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  • Implementation of features allowing users to accurately locate virtual keypads and interactive elements.
  • Exploration of potential applications for tablets to enhance information access for the visually impaired.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed platform empowers blind users to perform essential smartphone functions like calling and texting efficiently.
    • The system's design facilitates accurate interaction with virtual keypads, overcoming touchscreen barriers.
    • The platform's adaptability suggests broad applicability across various mobile devices and software types.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed platform significantly enhances smartphone usability for the blind population.
    • This innovation opens avenues for increased independence and engagement with digital content for visually impaired individuals.
    • The technology holds promise for creating a more inclusive digital environment through accessible mobile applications.