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Structure of Cadherins01:25

Structure of Cadherins

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The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This...
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Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

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Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Catenins01:23

Catenins

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Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules
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VE-cadherin at a glance.

Luca Bravi1, Elisabetta Dejana, Maria Grazia Lampugnani

  • 1FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM) Fondazione, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.

Cell and Tissue Research
|March 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Vascular Endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) is key to blood vessel functions like permeability and angiogenesis. Understanding its complex regulatory network is vital for treating related diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • The vascular endothelium, a single cell layer, regulates critical vessel functions including permeability, leukocyte extravasation, and angiogenesis.
  • Vascular Endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), an endothelial-specific transmembrane protein in adherens junctions, is central to these regulatory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the signaling pathways controlled by VE-cadherin.
  • To understand the pathways that regulate VE-cadherin activity.
  • To map the complex molecular and functional interactions involving VE-cadherin.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on VE-cadherin.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways impacting VE-cadherin function.

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  • Investigation of molecular interactions regulating VE-cadherin.

    • Main Results:

    • VE-cadherin controls fundamental endothelial functions such as permeability, leukocyte extravasation, and angiogenesis.
    • Signaling pathways governed by VE-cadherin are beginning to be understood.
    • Pathways regulating VE-cadherin activity are also under investigation.

    Conclusions:

    • VE-cadherin is a critical regulator of endothelial cell functions.
    • A complex network of molecular and functional interactions surrounds VE-cadherin.
    • Alterations in this network are implicated in various pathologies.