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Updated: May 2, 2026

A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats
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Interaction between dietary fat and exercise on excess postexercise oxygen consumption.

Elizabeth A Frost1, Leanne M Redman, Lilian de Jonge

  • 1Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana;

American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
|March 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Increased physical activity boosts sleeping energy expenditure (SEE) only with high-fat diets. Low-fat diets negate this exercise effect on SEE, influencing overall energy expenditure.

Keywords:
dietary fatphysical activitysleeping energy expenditure

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Area of Science:

  • Human Metabolism
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Understanding the impact of physical activity on energy expenditure is crucial for weight management and metabolic health.
  • Conflicting data exists regarding the effect of exercise on post-exercise energy expenditure, potentially influenced by dietary factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of increased physical activity on sleeping energy expenditure (SEE).
  • To determine how varying levels of dietary fat influence the relationship between physical activity and SEE.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, single-blind, crossover study involving six healthy young men.
  • Subjects underwent an 8-day protocol with four conditions: high-fat/exercise, high-fat/sedentary, low-fat/exercise, and low-fat/sedentary.
  • Sleeping energy expenditure (SEE) and energy balance were measured in a whole-room calorimeter and respiration chamber.

Main Results:

  • Increased physical activity significantly elevated SEE by 7.4% (P < 0.05) when dietary fat was high (50%).
  • This exercise-induced increase in SEE was not observed when dietary fat was low (20%).
  • Dietary fat manipulation under sedentary conditions did not alter SEE.

Conclusions:

  • Physical activity increases SEE primarily when consumed with a high-fat diet.
  • Dietary fat content modulates the post-exercise elevation in SEE.
  • These findings may reconcile conflicting research on exercise and energy expenditure.