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Determination of Crystal Structures

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...

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Updated: May 2, 2026

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Published on: April 14, 2015

Multicolor barcoding in a single upconversion crystal.

Yuhai Zhang¹, Lixin Zhang, Renren Deng

¹Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|March 21, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new multicolor luminescent crystals using hexagonal-phase sodium yttrium fluoride (NaYF4) upconversion microrods. This method enables unique optical barcodes for anticounterfeiting and multiplexed labeling applications.

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Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy

Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy

Published on: December 9, 2013

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Photonics

Background:

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) offer unique optical properties.
Controlling multicolor emission within a single UCNP remains a challenge.
Hexagonal-phase NaYF4 microrods provide a promising template for controlled growth.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize novel multicolor-banded luminescent crystals.
To explore the potential of these crystals as optical barcodes.
To develop a facile method for multicolor tuning within a single crystal.

Main Methods:

Epitaxial end-on growth of lanthanide-activated UCNPs onto NaYF4 microrods.
Gram-scale synthesis by varying activator composition.
Utilizing 1D microrods as templates for controlled crystal growth.

Main Results:

Successfully synthesized multicolor-banded NaYF4 upconversion microrod crystals.
Achieved gram-scale production of these novel luminescent materials.
Demonstrated facile multicolor tuning within individual crystals, a feat not possible with conventional UCNPs.

Conclusions:

The developed bottom-up method provides a scalable route to multicolor luminescent crystals.
These novel crystals are suitable for advanced applications like optical barcodes.
The end-on growth strategy offers a unique approach to multicolor emission control in nanomaterials.