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Depression and its Relationship to Work Status and Income Among HIV Clients in Uganda

Glenn J Wagner1, Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar1, Akena Dickens2

  • 1RAND Corporation, 1776 Main St., Santa Monica, CA, USA 90407.

World Journal of AIDS
|March 22, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Depression in people with HIV (PLWHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa is linked to work and income, but this connection appears indirect. Factors like physical health and self-efficacy play a mediating role.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • HIV/AIDS Research
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • High prevalence of depression among people living with HIV (PLWHIV).
  • Limited research on depression's impact on work and income in sub-Saharan African PLWHIV.
  • Antiretroviral therapy initiation cohort in Kampala, Uganda.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between depression and work status/income in PLWHIV in sub-Saharan Africa.
  • To analyze the relationship between depressive severity, symptom type, and major depression with economic outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of baseline data from 798 HIV patients starting antiretroviral therapy.
  • Multivariate analyses examined Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) diagnosis.
  • Controlled for demographics, physical functioning, work self-efficacy, social support, and internalized HIV stigma.

Main Results:

  • 14% of the sample had Major Depression; 66% were employed.
  • Bivariate analyses showed depression measures associated with not working and lower income.
  • No depression measures remained significant in multivariate analyses after controlling for other factors.

Conclusions:

  • Depression is related to work and income in PLWHIV, but the influence is likely indirect.
  • Factors such as work self-efficacy and physical health functioning may mediate the relationship.
  • Highlights the complex interplay between mental health, physical health, and economic stability in PLWHIV.
Abstract

Keywords:
HIV/AIDSdepressionincomephysical health functioningworkwork self-efficacy

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