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The relationship between RNA catalytic processes.

R Cedergren1, B F Lang, D Gravel

  • 1Département de biochimie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere : the Journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
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RNA catalysis, essential for an RNA world, is classified by nucleophile mechanism. RNase P predates kingdoms, while tRNA splicing predates eukaryotes and archaea, suggesting ancient origins for RNA

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Astrobiology

Background:

  • RNA's dual role in information storage and catalysis supports the RNA world hypothesis.
  • The intrinsic chemical properties of RNA catalysis are crucial for its potential primordial existence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify RNA catalysis mechanisms to assess their relevance to early life.
  • To investigate the evolutionary origins of key RNA-catalyzed reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of RNA catalysis into disjunct and conjunct nucleophile classes.
  • Comparative analysis of catalytic mechanisms and evolutionary origins of RNA processes.
  • Mechanistic proposal for disjunct nucleophile reactions involving a 2-OH nucleophile.

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Main Results:

  • Disjunct nucleophile reactions (e.g., RNase P) show ancient origins predating major kingdoms.
  • Group I intron splicing, while ancient in mechanism, has recent independent origins.
  • Conjunct nucleophile reactions, including self-cleaving RNAs and tRNA splicing, are proposed to be related.
  • tRNA splicing predates the divergence of eukaryotes and archaea.

Conclusions:

  • RNA catalysis exhibits mechanisms with deep evolutionary roots, supporting the RNA world hypothesis.
  • Specific RNA catalytic mechanisms, like RNase P and tRNA splicing, likely originated before the last universal common ancestor.