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Glucose-regulated proteins in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Amy S Lee1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Room 5308, Los Angeles, California 900899176, USA.

Nature Reviews. Cancer
|March 25, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Glucose-regulated proteins (GRPs) are stress-inducible chaperones with diverse roles beyond heat shock proteins. This review explores their functions in cancer, including signaling, proliferation, and metastasis, and their therapeutic potential.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Stress Response
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Glucose-regulated proteins (GRPs) are stress-inducible chaperones primarily located in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.
  • Recent research highlights GRPs' distinct functions compared to heat shock proteins, including active translocation and novel roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the discovery, regulation, and biological functions of GRPs in cancer.
  • To discuss the development of GRP-targeting agents as potential anticancer therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of GRP research.
  • Analysis of GRP roles in cellular processes and cancer development.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic strategies targeting GRPs.

Main Results:

  • GRPs exhibit diverse functions controlling signaling, proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, inflammation, and immunity.
  • Mouse models demonstrate GRP involvement in development, tumorigenesis, metastasis, and angiogenesis.
  • Promising therapeutic agents targeting GRPs are under development for cancer treatment.

Conclusions:

  • GRPs play multifaceted roles in cancer biology, distinct from their chaperone functions.
  • Targeting GRPs represents a promising strategy for novel anticancer therapies.

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