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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

Target direction rather than position determines oculomotor expectation in repeating sequences.

Andrew J Anderson¹, Matthew J Stainer, Peter Brotchie

¹Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, Australia, aaj@unimelb.edu.au.

Experimental Brain Research

|March 26, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The oculomotor system prioritizes predicting eye movement direction over position in repeating sequences. Unexpected changes in direction, not position, significantly increase saccadic latencies, revealing predictive coding in saccade generation.

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Last Updated: May 1, 2026

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Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

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Published on: April 16, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Oculomotor Research

Background:

Saccadic latencies increase when targets deviate from predictable sequences.
The cause of this latency increase (position vs. direction) was previously unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether the oculomotor system predicts target position or direction in repeating sequences.
To differentiate the impact of unexpected target eccentricity versus unexpected direction on saccadic latencies.

Main Methods:

Participants performed saccades to targets in repeating sequences with occasional deviations in eccentricity (position) or direction.
Experiments manipulated target eccentricity while keeping direction consistent, and vice-versa.
Saccadic latencies were measured under various predictable and unpredictable stimulus conditions.

Main Results:

Unexpected target eccentricity (position) did not significantly affect saccadic latency.
Unexpected target direction, however, significantly increased saccadic latency.
Changes in target orientation or color did not impact latency, further supporting direction prediction.

Conclusions:

The oculomotor system primarily predicts the direction, not the position, of upcoming saccades in sequential tasks.
This finding aligns with models suggesting separate programming of saccade direction and amplitude.
Predictive coding in the oculomotor system is strongly tuned to directional information.