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Gap Junctions

Gap Junctions

The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...

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Connexin expression patterns in diseased human corneas.

Jiajie Zhai¹, Qin Wang¹, Liang Tao¹

¹Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510040, P.R. China.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

|March 27, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Antisense connexin (Cx) treatment shows potential for corneal wound healing. Diseased corneas exhibit altered Cx26, Cx31.1, and Cx43 expression, suggesting their role in corneal pathology.

Keywords:

connexin cornea expression localization

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Corneal wound healing is crucial for vision preservation.
Connexins (Cx) are integral membrane proteins forming gap junctions, involved in cell-to-cell communication.
Dysregulation of Cx expression is implicated in various ocular diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of antisense connexin (Cx) treatment for promoting corneal wound healing.
To analyze changes in Cx gap junction protein mRNA, protein expression, and distribution in diseased human corneas.

Main Methods:

Studied 13 diseased corneas (chemical burns, infections, Stevens-Johnson syndrome).
Utilized qPCR to detect mRNA expression of eight Cxs.
Employed flow cytometry for Cx26, Cx31.1, and Cx43 protein expression levels.
Used immunofluorescence for Cx localization.

Main Results:

Cx26, Cx31.1, and Cx43 were upregulated in diseased corneas at the mRNA level.
Cx26 and Cx31.1 expression increased in chemically burned and infected corneas, but not SJS-affected corneas.
Cx43 expression was significantly higher in all injured corneal groups compared to normal corneas.
Cx localization patterns differed between normal and diseased corneas.

Conclusions:

Connexin (Cx) expression patterns are altered in various corneal diseases.
Cx26, Cx31.1, and Cx43 are upregulated in chemically burned and infected corneas.
Cx43 is upregulated in Stevens-Johnson syndrome-affected corneas, indicating differential Cx involvement in corneal pathologies.