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Colonizing while migrating: how do individual enteric neural crest cells behave?

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Individual enteric neural crest-derived cells (ENCCs) populate the gut by migrating non-directionally, with cell-cell contact crucial for coordinated movement. This ensures uniform cell density along the developing digestive tract.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Directed cell migration is vital for embryonic development.
  • Some cell populations must migrate and populate areas simultaneously, a process poorly understood.
  • Enteric neural crest-derived cells (ENCCs) migrate caudally to form the enteric nervous system and populate the gut.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the migration behavior of individual ENCCs.
  • To understand how ENCCs achieve both directional advance and gut colonization.
  • To elucidate the role of Endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB) signaling in ENCC migration.

Main Methods:

  • Live imaging of ENCCs in mice expressing a photoconvertible protein.
  • Analysis of individual ENCC trajectories and speeds.
  • Perturbation of EDNRB signaling.

Main Results:

  • Individual ENCCs display variable speeds and directionalities.
  • Gut regions are populated by non-directionally migrating ENCCs, which remain migratory after colonization.
  • EDNRB signaling primarily affects ENCC speed, not directionality.
  • Solitary ENCCs exhibit random walk behavior, indicating cell-cell contact is essential for directed migration.
  • ENCCs migrate in association with neurites, but lead neurite growth.

Conclusions:

  • Gut regions are populated by non-directionally migrating ENCC sub-populations.
  • This non-directional migration mechanism may ensure uniform ENCC density in the developing gut.