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Updated: May 1, 2026

Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury
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Children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome exhibit impaired spatial working memory

Ling M Wong, Tracy Riggins, Danielle Harvey

    American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
    |April 1, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) show spatial working memory deficits. These impairments in 22q11.2DS impact both spatial and temporal accuracy, affecting memory performance.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is associated with cognitive challenges.
    • Previous research indicates spatiotemporal processing deficits in individuals with 22q11.2DS.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate spatial working memory performance in children with 22q11.2DS.
    • To determine if spatiotemporal weaknesses contribute to working memory impairments in 22q11.2DS, independent of attention.

    Main Methods:

    • A cohort of children with 22q11.2DS (n=47) and typically developing controls (n=49), aged 6-15 years, participated.
    • Participants viewed images in a grid, followed by a delay, and then recalled image positions in temporal order.

    Main Results:

    • Children with 22q11.2DS committed significantly more spatial and temporal errors than controls.
    • Females with 22q11.2DS exhibited greater spatial and temporal errors compared to males with the same condition.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings confirm that impaired spatiotemporal processing in 22q11.2DS extends to working memory.
    • These deficits significantly influence the ability to accurately recall spatial and temporal information in individuals with 22q11.2DS.

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