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Adiponutrin: a multimeric plasma protein.

Martin E Winberg1, Mahshid Khalaj Motlagh1, Karin G Stenkula1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Lund University, Sweden.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|April 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Adiponutrin, previously thought intracellular, is found in human plasma as disulfide-bond dependent multimers. This discovery opens avenues for adiponutrin as a potential biomarker for metabolic diseases like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Keywords:
ADPNAdiponutrinHepG2 cellsNAFLDPNPLA3Steatosis

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Adiponutrin (also known as patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 or PNPLA3) is linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via the I148M variant.
  • Previously, adiponutrin was considered exclusively intracellular, involved in lipid metabolism within the liver and adipose tissue.
  • A clear physiological role for adiponutrin remained elusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of adiponutrin in human plasma.
  • To explore a novel facet of adiponutrin research beyond its intracellular functions.
  • To assess the potential of plasma adiponutrin as a biomarker.

Main Methods:

  • Detection and characterization of adiponutrin in human plasma samples.
  • Analysis of adiponutrin's multimeric state, including disulfide bond dependence.
  • Investigation of adiponutrin release from HepG2 cells under specific conditions (e.g., oleate stimulation).

Main Results:

  • Adiponutrin was confirmed to be present in human plasma.
  • Plasma adiponutrin exists as disulfide-bond dependent multimers.
  • Estimated circulating concentration of adiponutrin in plasma ranges from 1.25 to 4 nM.
  • Adiponutrin release from HepG2 cells was observed in the presence of oleate.

Conclusions:

  • Adiponutrin circulates in human plasma, challenging previous assumptions of its intracellular localization.
  • The presence of adiponutrin in plasma provides a new opportunity for clinical investigation.
  • Plasma adiponutrin shows promise as a potential biomarker for metabolic diseases.