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Related Concept Videos

Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

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Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
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Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

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Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
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Vision01:24

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light02:00

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Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
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Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

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Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
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Visualizing Visual Adaptation
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Color vision: Introduction by the feature editors.

Steven L Buck, Rigmor Baraas, Valérie Bonnardel

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision
    |April 4, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    This special issue presents research from the International Colour Vision Society symposium, covering fundamental and applied color vision science. It highlights the diverse interests within the color vision research community.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Vision Science
    • Psychophysics of Color Perception

    Background:

    • Content derived from the 22nd Biennial Symposium of the International Colour Vision Society (ICVS).
    • Showcases research interests of the global color vision community.

    Discussion:

    • Explores both basic and applied aspects of color vision research.
    • Reflects the current state of the field as presented at a major international symposium.

    Key Insights:

    • Features a profile of the 2013 Verriest Medal recipient, acknowledging significant contributions to the field.
    • Provides a snapshot of advancements and ongoing research in color vision.

    Outlook:

    • Indicates future research directions and areas of focus within color vision science.
    • Serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in the field.