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Pericarditis III: Medical Management

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...

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Updated: May 1, 2026

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: September 24, 2021

Acute pericarditis: diagnosis and management.

Matthew J Snyder¹, Jennifer Bepko², Merima White¹

¹Nellis Family Medicine Residency Program, Nellis Air Force Base, NV, USA.

American Family Physician

|April 4, 2014

Summary

Acute pericarditis, inflammation of the pericardium, affects 5% of emergency department patients with chest pain. Treatment involves NSAIDs and colchicine, with glucocorticoids for severe cases.

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Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

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Published on: December 28, 2012

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Internal Medicine

Background:

Acute pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, affecting approximately 5% of emergency department patients presenting with chest pain.
It predominantly affects men aged 20-50 and can stem from various causes, though often inconclusive.
Common symptoms include sharp retrosternal chest pain, often relieved by positional changes, and a pericardial friction rub in up to 85% of cases.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the presentation, diagnosis, and management of acute pericarditis.
To highlight key diagnostic findings, including electrocardiographic changes.
To outline current treatment strategies and indications for specialist consultation.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria for acute pericarditis.
Summary of typical electrocardiographic findings.
Overview of established treatment guidelines and management approaches.

Main Results:

Acute pericarditis presents with characteristic chest pain and can show widespread ST-segment elevation on ECG.
First-line therapy includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and colchicine.
Glucocorticoids are reserved for severe, refractory, or specific underlying conditions.

Conclusions:

Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management of acute pericarditis are crucial.
NSAIDs and colchicine form the cornerstone of initial treatment.
Cardiology consultation is advised for complex or refractory cases to optimize patient outcomes.