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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Substernal Thyroid Biopsy Using Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration
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Thyroid tuberculosis in a child: a rare entity.

Anita Bodh1, Neelam Sharma1, Lalita Negi1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Journal of Laboratory Physicians
|April 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thyroid tuberculosis is rare, often overlooked in patients with thyroid swelling. Early diagnosis via fine-needle aspiration and prompt antitubercular treatment are crucial for recovery.

Keywords:
Acid fast bacillithyroidtuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Thyroid tuberculosis is an uncommon condition, even in regions with high tuberculosis prevalence.
  • Clinical suspicion for tuberculosis is often low in patients presenting with thyroid nodules or swellings.

Observation:

  • A case study of an 11-year-old female child with a noticeable thyroid swelling.

Findings:

  • Fine-needle aspiration cytology confirmed the presence of caseating epithelioid granulomas and acid-fast bacilli.
  • The patient demonstrated significant clinical improvement following treatment with standard antitubercular drugs.

Implications:

  • Thyroid tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric thyroid swellings.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare infections in the evaluation of endocrine abnormalities.