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Coxsackievirus-induced acute neonatal central nervous system disease model

Lulu Wang1, Changyuan Dong1, Dong-E Chen2

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Virus & Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University School of BasicMedicine Wuhan 430071, China.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology
|April 4, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Researchers developed a new mouse model for Coxsackievirus B (CVB) central nervous system (CNS) disease by oral infection. This model effectively mimics natural infection, aiding research into CVB-induced pediatric CNS conditions and their sequelae.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Coxsackievirus B (CVB) is a major cause of acute pediatric central nervous system (CNS) disease, often leading to severe long-term neurological deficits.
  • Existing research models do not fully replicate natural CVB infection routes or the acute onset of CNS disease.
  • A need exists for a stable, reproducible model to study CVB pathogenesis and develop effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a novel acute neonatal mouse model of CVB-induced CNS disease that mimics natural infection.
  • To characterize the pathological features and viral dissemination within the CNS.
  • To develop a standardized method for quantitative pathology analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Neonatal mice were orally infected with Coxsackievirus B to establish the disease model.
  • Histopathological analysis of brain tissues (hippocampus and cortex) was performed.
  • A quantitative pathology scoring system was developed and validated.
  • Viral tracking across the blood-brain barrier was visualized in vivo.
  • A novel CVB3/Macocy strain was isolated, sequenced, and characterized.

Main Results:

  • The oral CVB infection model successfully induced acute CNS disease, characterized by significant lesions in the hippocampus and cortex.
  • The model demonstrated stability and reproducibility, accurately reflecting natural infection dynamics.
  • The study captured the in vivo process of CVB breaching the blood-brain barrier.
  • A novel CVB3 variant (CVB3/Macocy) was identified, with its genomic structure and genotype elucidated.
  • Specific genomic mutations were identified in the new strain that did not alter the severity of CNS damage.

Conclusions:

  • The established neonatal mouse model provides an effective platform for studying CVB-induced CNS diseases.
  • This model facilitates research into viral entry mechanisms and neuropathogenesis.
  • The characterization of the CVB3/Macocy strain contributes to understanding viral diversity and evolution.

Keywords:
Coxsackievirus Bacute neonatal central nervous system diseasemouse modelstrain Macocy

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