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Emotion, working memory task demands and individual differences predict behavior, cognitive effort and negative

Justin Storbeck1, Nicole A Davidson, Chelsea F Dahl

  • 1a Department of Psychology , Queens College - CUNY , Flushing , NY , USA.

Cognition & Emotion
|April 5, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Positive or negative emotions can impair self-control when they conflict with working memory tasks. This cognitive incompatibility increases mental effort, leading to poorer performance on self-control tasks, especially for individuals with higher behavioral inhibition system sensitivity.

Keywords:
BISCognitive controlEmotionNegative affect

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Affective Science

Background:

  • Affective states influence cognitive processes, including working memory.
  • Cognitive effort is a key factor in self-control and behavioral regulation.
  • Individual differences in behavioral inhibition system (BIS) sensitivity may moderate responses to emotional challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between positive/negative affect, verbal/spatial working memory, and self-control.
  • To examine if emotion-cognition incompatibility necessitates greater cognitive effort, impacting behavioral control.
  • To explore the role of BIS sensitivity in modulating negative affect during cognitive challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of positive or negative affective states.
  • Performance assessment on verbal or spatial 2-back working memory tasks.
  • Evaluation of self-control performance across three distinct tasks.
  • Measurement of BIS sensitivity and self-reported negative affect.

Main Results:

  • Emotion-working memory incompatibility (positive/spatial, negative/verbal) led to poorer self-control performance.
  • Individuals with higher BIS sensitivity reported increased negative affect under incompatible conditions.
  • Emotion-working memory compatibility was associated with reduced cognitive effort and better behavioral control.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive effort is modulated by the compatibility between affective states and working memory demands.
  • Impaired behavioral control and self-control are linked to emotion-working memory incompatibility.
  • BIS sensitivity may influence emotional responses and cognitive effort allocation during demanding tasks.