Maxillary sinus unilateral aplasia as an incidental finding following cone-beam computed (volumetric) tomography

This paper presents a case of maxillary sinus unilateral aplasia, an uncommon condition in adults, diagnosed as an incidental finding during cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination for an endodontic case analysis. The patient was referred to a specialist endodontic practice for management of an upper right central incisor tooth. A CBCT scan was performed. The images of the left maxillary sinus showed a total lack of pneumatisation, prompting the diagnosis of aplasia. The patient's otolaryngologist was made aware of the findings. Clinical evaluation of volumetric images should be performed by an adequately trained dentist or radiologist so the maximum amount of information is gathered for the patient. This requires a systematic approach to ensure that no relevant information is missed and should include the paranasal sinuses and other surrounding structures as incidental findings can be observed during CBCT analysis.