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Aggravated cognitive and brain functional impairment in mild cognitive impairment patients with type 2 diabetes: a

Xiaoqing Zhou1, Junying Zhang1, Yaojing Chen1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|April 8, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Type 2 diabetes significantly impacts brain activity in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, showing widespread changes linked to cognitive decline. This highlights diabetes as a key factor in MCI progression to dementia.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  • MCI can progress to dementia, and diabetes may exacerbate this risk.
  • Understanding the neurobiological impact of diabetes on cognitive function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate spontaneous neuronal activity in patients with MCI, comparing those with and without type 2 diabetes.
  • To investigate the neuroimaging changes associated with type 2 diabetes in MCI.
  • To correlate brain activity alterations with cognitive performance in MCI patients with and without diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional MRI was used to assess spontaneous neuronal activity in 31 MCI patients and 17 healthy controls.
  • Patients were divided into two groups: MCI without diabetes and MCI with type 2 diabetes (MCI-DM).
  • Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations (ALFF) was analyzed to detect neuroimaging changes and correlated with neuropsychological test results.

Main Results:

  • MCI-DM patients exhibited widespread ALFF changes in brain regions including the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, hippocampus, amygdala, and precuneus.
  • These brain activity alterations in MCI-DM patients were significantly correlated with cognitive performance.
  • MCI patients without diabetes showed less pronounced neuroimaging alterations compared to the MCI-DM group.

Conclusions:

  • Type 2 diabetes is associated with significant, widespread alterations in spontaneous brain activity in individuals with MCI.
  • These neuroimaging changes are directly related to cognitive deficits observed in MCI patients with diabetes.
  • Findings suggest diabetes mellitus plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of MCI and its progression to dementia.
Keywords:
Functional MRImild cognitive impairmentresting-statespontaneous brain activitytype 2 diabetes

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