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[Urinary hGH, albumin, alpha 1 MG and beta 2 MG in normal and diabetic children]
1Endocrine Research Laboratory, National Children's Medical Research Center.
Insights
Children with diabetes mellitus (DM) show higher urinary human growth hormone (hGH) levels, suggesting potential impacts on kidney function and elevated serum hGH. This finding highlights a link between hGH, renal markers, and diabetes control.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nephrology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) can affect growth hormone (GH) metabolism and potentially impact renal function.
- Urinary markers of kidney damage, such as albumin, alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1 MG), and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2MG), are often elevated in diabetic patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between urinary human growth hormone (hGH) levels and markers of renal function (urinary albumin, alpha 1 MG, beta 2MG) and glycemic control (plasma HbA1) in children with DM.
- To compare urinary hGH concentrations between children with DM and normal children (NC).
Main Methods:
- Collected 24-hour or night-time urine samples from 54 NC and 61 children with DM.
- Measured urinary hGH using enzyme immunoassay and urinary albumin, alpha 1 MG, and beta 2MG using radioimmunoassay (RIA).
- Assessed glycemic control via plasma HbA1 measurements.
Main Results:
- Urinary hGH correlated with urinary albumin and beta 2MG in both NC and DM groups (24-hour urine).
- Night-time urinary hGH concentrations were significantly higher in children with DM compared to NC across all ages.
- In DM, urinary hGH correlated with urinary albumin and beta 2MG, and was elevated even with normal renal function markers.
- Higher urinary hGH levels were observed in poorly controlled DM and positively correlated with plasma HbA1.
Conclusions:
- Urinary hGH levels in children with DM reflect both serum hGH concentration and renal function.
- Elevated night-time urinary hGH in DM patients with normal renal function suggests increased serum hGH levels.
- Urinary hGH may serve as a sensitive indicator of metabolic and renal changes in pediatric diabetes.
Abstract:
I measured urinary hGH level in children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) and studied the relation with urinary albumin alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1 MG), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2MG) and plasma HbA1. 24-hour urine or night-time urine was collected in 54 normal children (NC) and 61 DM. Urinary hGH was estimated by using a sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay. Urinary albumin, alpha 1 MG and beta 2MG were measured by RIA. HGH concentration in 24-hour urine in NC significantly correlated with urinary albumin and beta 2MG concentrations (p less than 0.01). In DM, hGH concentration in 24-hour urine also correlated with urinary albumin concentration (p less than 0.05). To avoid the effects of posture and exercise, night-time urine was used in the following study. Urinary hGH concentration was significantly higher in DM for all age (p less than 0.05-0.01) than that in NC. Urinary alpha 1MG and beta 2MG concentrations were also significantly higher in DM than those in NC. HGH concentration in night-time urine in NC has not correlated with urinary albumin, alpha 1MG nor beta 2MG. In DM, however hGH significantly correlated with urinary albumin and beta 2MG. Even in DM with normal concentrations of urinary albumin and beta 2MG, urinary hGH was significantly higher than in NC. Urinary hGH in poorly controlled DM was higher than in well controlled DM. Urinary hGH concentration showed positive correlation with plasma HbA1 in DM. We conclude that urinary hGH relates to not only serum hGH concentration but also renal function. In DM with normal renal function, hGH concentration in night-time urine was higher than in NC, which suggested high serum hGH concentration in DM.