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Altercasting is a strategic communication technique in which an individual imposes a specific identity or social role onto another person to influence their behavior and shape the interaction. By presuming a role—such as “responsible leader” or “patient person”—altercasting encourages the target to conform to that identity, often aligning their behavior with the expectations associated with the role. The power of this tactic lies in its subtlety; once a role...
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Communication between two animals occurs when one animal transmits an information signal that causes a change in the animal that receives the information. Organisms communicate with one another in a host of different ways. Signals can be auditory, chemical, visual, tactile, or a combination of these. Communication is a critical behavioral adaptation that promotes survival, growth, and reproduction.
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Speechreading as a communication mediator.

Letícia Neves de Oliveira1, Alexandra Dezani Soares1, Brasilia Maria Chiari1

  • 1Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Codas
|April 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with hearing impairment demonstrated superior speechreading skills compared to those with normal hearing. Factors like vocabulary and speechreading therapy significantly influence this ability.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Speechreading, the ability to understand speech by observing lip movements and facial cues, is crucial for individuals with hearing impairment.
  • Understanding factors influencing speechreading performance is essential for developing effective rehabilitation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare speechreading performance between individuals with hearing impairment and those with normal hearing.
  • To identify factors influencing speechreading abilities in patients with hearing loss.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 40 individuals with severe-to-profound hearing loss and 21 normal-hearing individuals.
  • Utilized speechreading tests with mute video stimuli, a vocabulary test, and anamnesis.
  • Employed descriptive and analytical statistics, including ANOVA and Pearson's correlation.

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Main Results:

  • Individuals with hearing impairment outperformed normal-hearing individuals in speechreading tasks.
  • Pre-lingual hearing loss and prior speechreading therapy correlated with better performance.
  • Vocabulary and the onset of hearing loss were identified as influential factors.

Conclusions:

  • Hearing-impaired individuals exhibit enhanced speechreading capabilities compared to their normal-hearing counterparts.
  • Speechreading proficiency is significantly influenced by vocabulary, the timing of hearing loss onset, and participation in speechreading therapy.