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Related Concept Videos

Psychotherapy01:28

Psychotherapy

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Psychotherapy is a versatile, nonmedical approach aimed at helping individuals address emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal issues to enhance their overall well-being. It can involve one-on-one sessions, couples counseling, or small group discussions with a therapist. The therapeutic process includes various techniques such as open discussion, interpretation of thoughts and behaviors, active listening, positive reinforcement, and role modeling. Psychotherapy aims to support individuals in...
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Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders01:24

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

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Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Establishment of Orthotopic Patient-derived Xenograft Models for Brain Tumors using a Stereotaxic Device
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Updates in paediatric psycho-oncology.

Nicole Mavrides1, Maryland Pao

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida.

International Review of Psychiatry (Abingdon, England)
|April 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Childhood cancer survival rates have dramatically improved, increasing the need for integrated psychosocial support. This paper updates information on mental health challenges for pediatric cancer patients and their families.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Psycho-Oncology

Background:

  • Childhood cancer represents less than 2% of annual cancer diagnoses, with 12,000-14,000 children affected yearly.
  • Significant advancements in treatment have boosted five-year survival rates from 10-20% to 80-85% over fifty years.
  • Psychosocial support for pediatric cancer patients and families has become increasingly integrated into care, with greater emphasis on mental health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide updated information on psychosocial issues in pediatric cancer care.
  • To focus on the unique challenges faced by pediatric psycho-oncologists.
  • To inform healthcare professionals treating children and adolescents with cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of PubMed and PsycINFO databases.
  • Search conducted from January 2000 to June 2013.

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  • Keywords included: pediatrics, oncology, psychosocial care, family, siblings, cancer, psycho-oncology, psychosocial issues, depression, anxiety, survivorship, and end of life.

    • Main Results:

    • Improved survival rates in childhood cancer necessitate comprehensive psychosocial care.
    • Growing recognition of mental health's importance drives referrals to specialized services.
    • The field of pediatric psycho-oncology addresses unique patient and family needs.

    Conclusions:

    • Enhanced survival in childhood cancer highlights the critical role of psychosocial support.
    • Pediatric psycho-oncology is essential for addressing the complex mental health needs of young patients and their families.
    • Continued integration and focus on psychosocial care are vital for holistic pediatric cancer treatment.