Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Additional Routes of Drug Administration01:18

Additional Routes of Drug Administration

5.1K
Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
5.1K
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

12.5K
Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
12.5K
Routes of Drug Administration: Overview01:22

Routes of Drug Administration: Overview

9.2K
Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
9.2K
Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

14.5K
Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
14.5K
Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

1.6K
Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
1.6K
Transport Number01:31

Transport Number

230
The transport number is the fraction of the total current carried by an ion in an electrolyte solution. It is defined as the ratio of the current carried by a specific ion to the total current flowing through the solution. The transport number, t, is central to understanding ionic mobility, which describes how fast an ion moves under the influence of an electric field. This link connects the physical behavior of ions in solution to the chemical processes that occur during electrochemical...
230

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Videolaryngoscopic Intubation and Difficult Airway Classification (VIDIAC) accuracy in the prediction of first-pass nasal intubation using a video laryngoscope.

Minerva anestesiologica·2026
Same author

Socially-Aware Adaptive Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) routing protocol.

PloS one·2022
Same author

Detection of malicious consumer interest packet with dynamic threshold values.

PeerJ. Computer science·2021
Same author

Comparative Study of Oral Midazolam Syrup and Intranasal Midazolam Spray for Sedative Premedication in Pediatric Surgeries.

Anesthesia, essays and researches·2019
Same author

An Emergency Response System: Construction, Validation, and Experiments for Disaster Management in a Vehicular Environment.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2019
Same author

A case of negative pressure pulmonary edema in an asthmatic patient after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Anesthesia, essays and researches·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization
07:49

Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization

Published on: November 26, 2019

9.7K

Protocol independent adaptive route update for VANET.

Asim Rasheed1, Sana Ajmal2, Amir Qayyum1

  • 1Muhammad Ali Jinnah University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Thescientificworldjournal
|April 12, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an adaptive route update method for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). It efficiently handles high node velocity and density, improving routing performance by integrating route updates into existing protocols.

More Related Videos

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
05:30

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization
07:49

Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization

Published on: November 26, 2019

9.7K
Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
05:30

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Networking
  • Wireless Communication

Background:

  • Existing routing protocols struggle with high node velocity and density in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs).
  • Efficient routing in VANETs necessitates optimal route discovery, timely updates, and robust link breakage repair.
  • Current protocols often neglect adaptive route updates, leading to impractical overheads in dense networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel adaptive route update approach for highly scaled ad hoc wireless networks.
  • To address the challenges posed by high relative node velocity and active node density in VANETs.
  • To offer a solution applicable to any baseline routing protocol, enhancing overall routing efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an adaptive route update mechanism designed to integrate seamlessly with existing routing protocols.
  • Proposed a new categorization of routing strategies based on logical conditions for route discovery and updating.
  • Eliminated the strict classification between reactive and proactive routing protocols.

Main Results:

  • The proposed adaptive route update approach effectively manages routing challenges in dense and high-velocity VANET environments.
  • The method provides a unified framework, overcoming the limitations of separate reactive and proactive routing strategies.
  • Demonstrated the practicality of adaptive route updates without incurring excessive routing overheads.

Conclusions:

  • The presented adaptive route update approach offers a viable solution for improving routing efficiency in VANETs.
  • This method enhances routing performance by focusing on adaptive updates, which are often overlooked.
  • The unified approach simplifies routing protocol design and implementation for dynamic wireless networks.