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Yoga for asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Holger Cramer1, Paul Posadzki2, Gustav Dobos1
1Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Summary
Yoga may improve asthma control, symptoms, and quality of life for patients. While not a primary treatment, it offers benefits as a complementary approach or alternative to breathing exercises.
Area of Science:
- Integrative Medicine
- Respiratory Medicine
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Background:
- Yoga is commonly used by asthma patients, but its effectiveness is not well-established.
- Existing evidence on yoga's impact on asthma management requires systematic evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically assess and meta-analyze the efficacy and safety of yoga for alleviating asthma.
- To evaluate yoga's effects on asthma control, symptoms, quality of life, and pulmonary function.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, etc.) through January 2014.
- Included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing yoga with usual care, psychological interventions, sham yoga, or breathing exercises.
- Meta-analysis calculated standardized mean differences (SMDs) or risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs); risk of bias was assessed.
Main Results:
- Fourteen RCTs involving 824 patients were analyzed.
- Yoga showed significant benefits for asthma control, symptom reduction, improved quality of life, and enhanced peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and FEV1/FVC ratio compared to usual care.
- Yoga also improved quality of life and PEFR compared to psychological interventions. No significant effects were found against sham yoga or breathing exercises. No findings were robust against all biases. No serious adverse events were reported.
Conclusions:
- Yoga is not currently recommended as a routine intervention for asthma.
- It may serve as a valuable ancillary intervention or an alternative to breathing exercises for asthma patients seeking complementary therapies.
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