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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

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Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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DNA methylation changes in inflammatory bowel disease.

Pantelis S Karatzas1, Maria Gazouli2, Michael Safioleas3

  • 11st Department of Gastroenterology, Evangelismos General Hospital (Pantelis S. Karatzas, Gerasimos J. Mantzaris).

Annals of Gastroenterology
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Summary

Investigating epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA methylation, is crucial for understanding inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis. This research explores the link between DNA methylation patterns and IBD, aiming to identify therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, has complex origins.
  • Genetic predisposition, gut microbiota, and environmental factors are implicated in IBD pathogenesis.
  • Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, are increasingly recognized as key players in IBD development and expression.

Approach:

  • Investigate the role of DNA methylation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis.
  • Explore the correlation between epigenetic alterations and IBD development and progression.
  • Analyze the interaction between DNA methylation patterns and current pharmaceutical treatments for IBD.

Key Points:

  • DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism potentially driving IBD.
  • Environmental factors associated with westernized lifestyles may influence DNA methylation in IBD.
  • A comprehensive understanding of DNA methylation in IBD is lacking, with no standardized gene database.

Conclusions:

  • DNA methylation is a critical area of research for understanding IBD.
  • Further investigation into DNA methylation patterns could lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for IBD.
  • Understanding the interplay between DNA methylation, IBD, and existing treatments is of significant clinical interest.