Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

1.4K
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
1.4K
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

3.6K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
3.6K
Aging01:26

Aging

1.1K
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
1.1K
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

367
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
367
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

861
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
861
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

21
Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
21

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Diffuse infiltrating primary cerebellar glioma involving the brainstem: a case report].

Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology·2023
Same author

[Transverse myelitis and cauda equina syndrome followed by varicella in a patient with varicella-zoster virus infection].

Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology·2023
Same author

Gait bradykinesia: difficulty in switching posture/gait measured by the anatomical y-axis vector of the sole in Parkinson's disease.

Experimental brain research·2019
Same author

Gait bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease: a change in the motor program which controls the synergy of gait.

Experimental brain research·2017
Same author

Clinical application of eye movement tasks as an aid to understanding Parkinson's disease pathophysiology.

Experimental brain research·2017
Same author

Frontal cortical dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD): Comparison of memory-based smooth-pursuit and anti-saccade tasks, and neuropsychological and motor symptom evaluations.

Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking
07:26

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

7.4K

Normal aging affects movement execution but not visual motion working memory and decision-making delay during

Kikuro Fukushima1, Graham R Barnes, Norie Ito

  • 1Clinical Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Sapporo Yamanoue Hospital, Toyokura Memorial Hall, Yamanote 6-9-1-1, Nishiku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 063-0006, Japan, kf001@pop.sys.hokudai.ac.jp.

Experimental Brain Research
|April 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Aging impacts smooth-pursuit eye movements, with elderly individuals showing less effective extra-retinal mechanisms. Task conditions significantly influence pursuit latencies in both young and older adults.

More Related Videos

A Fine Motor Task to Study Joint Kinematics in a Preclinical Model of Neurodegenerative Disease
05:39

A Fine Motor Task to Study Joint Kinematics in a Preclinical Model of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: June 13, 2025

1.0K
Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
10:13

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking
07:26

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

7.4K
A Fine Motor Task to Study Joint Kinematics in a Preclinical Model of Neurodegenerative Disease
05:39

A Fine Motor Task to Study Joint Kinematics in a Preclinical Model of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: June 13, 2025

1.0K
Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
10:13

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Aging affects sensory/motor and cognitive functions, including eye movements like smooth-pursuit.
  • Smooth-pursuit accuracy relies on retinal image motion and cognitive processes.
  • Previous research identified extra-retinal mechanisms crucial for initial pursuit in young adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of aging on smooth-pursuit parameters.
  • To compare smooth-pursuit performance between young and elderly subjects under different task conditions.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of extra-retinal mechanisms in elderly individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a cue-dependent memory-based smooth-pursuit task.
  • Tested elderly subjects under three conditions: memory-based pursuit, simple ramp-pursuit, and a 'popping-out' variant.
  • Compared elderly subject data with previously collected data from young adults.

Main Results:

  • Elderly subjects demonstrated normal working memory for cue information.
  • Significant differences in movement parameters, including pursuit latencies, were observed between task conditions and age groups.
  • The 'popping-out' enhancement was ineffective for initial pursuit in the elderly.

Conclusions:

  • Smooth-pursuit latencies are dependent on specific task conditions.
  • Extra-retinal mechanisms for initial pursuit are functional but less effective in elderly individuals.
  • Decision-making delays in memory-based tasks showed similar age-group differences.