What a difference two days make: "personalized" embryo transfer (pET) paradigm: a case report and pilot study

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Medicine
• Genomics
• Embryology

Background:

• Embryo implantation depends on blastocyst attachment during the endometrium's window of implantation (WOI).
• The WOI was historically assumed to be constant for all women.
• Molecular analyses reveal a personalized WOI (pWOI) that can be displaced in some patients.

Observation:

• Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) affects approximately 25% of patients and can originate from endometrial factors.
• A clinical case demonstrated successful personalized embryo transfer (pET) after multiple failed IVF and oocyte donation attempts.
• A pilot study involved 17 oocyte donation patients with prior implantation failures using routine embryo transfer (ET).

Findings:

• Personalized endometrial diagnostics identified a displaced pWOI in patients with RIF.
• pET, guided by personalized WOI diagnosis, resulted in successful implantation in the reported clinical case.
• The pilot study showed that pET following pWOI diagnosis was effective for patients experiencing failed ET.

Implications:

• Endometrial receptivity and WOI are highly individualized.
• Personalized diagnostics for WOI can significantly improve success rates for infertile patients.
• This approach offers a new strategy for managing RIF and optimizing assisted reproductive technologies.