Teriflunomide: a novel oral treatment for relapsing multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a disabling chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS. New emerging oral treatments can offer efficacy with higher levels of therapeutic adherence. Teriflunomide is one such oral agent that has recently been approved for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS).

The aim of this review is to describe the pharmacological profile of teriflunomide and review the vast clinical development program that paved the way for its approval, with emphasis on its safety and tolerability.

Teriflunomide is a safe new oral medication for treating RMS. It is effective at reducing relapses, MRI activity and slowing disability progression. It is well tolerated, with mild and transitory side effects. Although teriflunomide is given a pregnancy category 'X' by the FDA and an effective contraception is needed, to date, there has been no evidence of teratogenicity in humans and a rapid washout procedure can lead to a virtually complete elimination. Its effectiveness appeared to be at least comparable to that of high-dose IFN-β-1a, and although direct comparisons with other orals are still lacking, its tolerability and encouraging safety data suggest that teriflunomide could be considered an ideal first-line medication for RMS.