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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools
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Flexible microRNA arm selection in rice.

Wangxiong Hu1, Tingzhang Wang2, Erkui Yue2

  • 1College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang-California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|April 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that microRNA (miRNA) arm selection is common in plants, changing dynamically across tissues and in response to abiotic stress. These findings offer new insights into miRNA roles in plant development.

Keywords:
Abiotic stressArm switchMicroRNApre-miRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Genomics
  • Post-transcriptional gene regulation

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by guiding Argonaute proteins to target transcripts.
  • The selection of miRNA arms from precursor molecules (pre-miRNAs) has been largely overlooked.
  • Understanding miRNA precursor processing is crucial for deciphering gene regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and dynamics of miRNA arm selection in rice.
  • To explore tissue-specific and abiotic stress-induced changes in miRNA arm selection.
  • To provide new insights into the role of miRNA arm selection in plant growth and development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of small RNA high-throughput sequencing data from 29 diverse rice libraries.
  • Examination of miRNA expression patterns across different tissues.
  • Assessment of miRNA expression under various abiotic stress conditions.

Main Results:

  • Over half of the analyzed pre-miRNAs exhibited altered arm selection.
  • Changes in arm selection were observed in different rice tissues.
  • Abiotic stresses also induced significant changes in miRNA arm selection.
  • Dynamic arm selection is a prevalent phenomenon in rice.

Conclusions:

  • MiRNA arm selection is a widespread regulatory mechanism in plants.
  • Dynamic arm selection contributes to tissue-specific gene regulation and stress responses.
  • This study enhances our understanding of miRNA-mediated gene regulation in plants.
  • The findings open new avenues for research into plant development and stress adaptation.