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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

A High Resolution Method to Monitor Phosphorylation-dependent Activation of IRF3
Published on: January 24, 2016
Structurally similar but functionally distinct factors, IRF-1 and IRF-2, bind to the same regulatory elements of IFN
H Harada1, T Fujita, M Miyamoto
1Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University, Japan.
Abstract:
Viral infections commonly induce expression of type I interferon (IFN) genes. The induction is transient and involves transcriptional activation wherein a positive factor, IRF-1, binds to upstream regulatory cis elements. In the present study we report the isolation of a cDNA encoding a novel factor, termed IRF-2, that interacts with the same nucleotide sequence elements as IRF-1. Both genes are inducible not only by virus but also by IFN. Unlike IRF-1, IRF-2 does not function as an activator; rather, it suppresses the function of IRF-1 under certain circumstances. Our results suggest that transcription of the IFN and IFN-inducible genes is regulated by two similar trans-acting factors that apparently compete for the same cis-acting recognition sequences, but which have opposite effects.
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