Ion transport through channels formed in lipid bilayers by Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin

Staphylotoxin channel appears to be predominantly anion-selective with non-linear and asymmetric current-voltage characteristics (CVC) at neutral pH. Increased salt concentrations induce linearity and asymmetry of CVC and loss of selectivity. At lower pH both the channel conductivity and anion selectivity increase. Higher temperatures raise the channel conductivity in parallel with the changes in electrical conductivity of the salt solution, but do not change selectivity. Experimental dependences are described obtained by approximation of electrical diffusion and considering the interactions of penetrating ions with fixed charges at the entrances and the channel energy profile.