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Cardiovascular disease in human immunodeficiency virus

S Cheruvu1, C J Holloway

  • 1St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Internal Medicine Journal
|April 24, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is manageable, but antiretroviral therapy increases cardiac risks. Proactive cardiovascular care is essential for HIV patients in Australia to ensure long-term health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is now a chronic, treatable condition with improved life expectancy.
  • Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) effectively suppresses HIV but is linked to increased cardiac issues.
  • Traditional cardiac risk factors and heart disease incidence are concerns in patients on HAART.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between HIV, HAART, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • To focus on contemporary screening, prevention, and treatment strategies for CVD in Australian HIV patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on HIV, HAART, and cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Analysis of current management guidelines and clinical practices in Australia.
  • Focus on risk factors, screening protocols, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • HAART is associated with increased risks of hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, and both ischaemic and non-ischaemic heart disease.
  • A significant interplay exists between HIV infection, specific antiretroviral drugs, and accelerated atherosclerosis.
  • Contemporary Australian HIV management requires integrated cardiovascular risk assessment and management.

Conclusions:

  • Active prevention and treatment of cardiovascular risk are crucial for HIV-positive individuals.
  • A comprehensive strategy addressing both HIV and cardiovascular health is necessary.
  • Further research and updated clinical guidelines are needed for optimal patient outcomes.

Keywords:
HIVantiretroviral therapycardiovascular diseasecardiovascular screening

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