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Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need

J Nadel1,2, C J Holloway2,3

  • 1University of Notre Dame, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

HIV Medicine
|August 25, 2016
PubMed

Insights

People with HIV have a 1.5-2x higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), similar to diabetes. Current screening tools are insufficient for this growing population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • HIV infection is now a manageable chronic condition.
  • HIV treatment increases coronary artery disease (CAD) risk due to inflammation, risk factors, and antiretroviral therapy side effects.
  • HIV-positive individuals face a 1.5-2 fold higher risk of CAD, comparable to diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the current landscape of CAD in the HIV-infected population.
  • To review existing assessment and management tools for CAD in HIV patients.
  • To identify limitations of current CAD assessment and management strategies for this population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current CAD prevalence in HIV.
  • Analysis of risk factors contributing to CAD in HIV.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic and screening tools for CAD in HIV patients.

Main Results:

  • HIV infection independently elevates CAD risk to levels seen in diabetes.
  • Antiretroviral therapies and chronic inflammation contribute to increased cardiovascular risk.
  • Existing CAD screening and assessment tools have limitations for HIV-infected individuals.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected individuals represent a high-risk population for CAD.
  • There is a critical need for improved screening and assessment tools tailored to HIV patients.
  • Further research is needed to optimize cardiovascular risk management in the context of HIV infection.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular DiseaseHIVScreening

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