Mechanical characterization of human gastrocolic ligament until failure

Road accidents can lead to abdominal injuries ranging from severe to lethal, that include hemorrhage of organs and their attachment system. A good understanding and prediction of abdominal injuries therefore requires investigation of the mechanical properties of the attachment systems of abdominal organs. In particular, the gastrocolic ligament (GCL) is one major link between the stomach and the transverse colon. This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of the GCL under very low and high strain rate uniaxial tensile tests until failure. Thirty-five GCL samples were dissected from 7 embalmed cadavers and tested at a rate of 1 mm/s and 1 m/s. Incidence of freezing was also evaluated. The mechanical response of GCL samples showed an approximately bilinear curve. Within the first linear region (less than 5% of ligament strain), the apparent elastic modulus was estimated at 247±144 kPa, while in the second region, it was estimated at 690±282 kPa. The average failure stress (σfail) and failure strain (εfail) were 131.6±50 kPa and 29%±8%, respectively. High strain rate loading also showed high sensitivity to strain rate. The estimated GCL mechanical properties in this study can be implemented in finite element models of the abdomen to further investigate the mechanical contribution of the organ attachment system under traumatic loading conditions.