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QT Dispersion and T Wave Peak-to-end Interval Dispersion in Children with Kawasaki Disease

Hamid Amoozgar1, Maryam Ahmadipour2, Anis Amirhakimi2

  • 1Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran.

International Cardiovascular Research Journal
|April 24, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Kawasaki disease (KD) patients show increased QT interval and T wave peak-to-end dispersion, indicating repolarization changes. These repolarization abnormalities in KD do not correlate with coronary artery involvement.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) poses a significant risk of Coronary Artery (CA) complications, including aneurysms, ischemia, and thrombosis.
  • Myocardial ischemia in KD can lead to prolonged QT dispersion, increasing the risk of potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac arrest.
  • T wave peak-to-end (Tp-Te) interval dispersion serves as a key indicator of transmural repolarization dispersion, which can precipitate cardiac arrhythmias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate QT interval dispersion (corrected and non-corrected) and Tp-Te interval dispersion in children with acute Kawasaki disease.
  • To compare repolarization parameters between children with KD and age-matched healthy controls.
  • To investigate potential correlations between repolarization abnormalities and coronary involvement in KD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 49 Iranian children diagnosed with Kawasaki disease in the acute phase and 49 age-matched controls.
  • Measurement of non-corrected QT interval dispersion (QTD), corrected QT (QTc) dispersion, and Tp-Te interval dispersion.
  • Statistical analysis using Student's t-test and Pearson correlation, with significance set at P<0.05, utilizing SPSS 16 software.

Main Results:

  • Patients with KD exhibited significantly higher QTc dispersion (0.099±0.055 s vs. 0.040±0.018 s; P<0.001) and QTD (0.075±0.046 s vs. 0.042±0.019 s; P<0.001) compared to controls.
  • Tp-Te dispersion was also significantly increased in KD patients (0.047±0.054 s vs. 0.022±0.011 s; P=0.015).
  • Elevated white blood cell count (>15000) in KD patients correlated with significantly increased QTD (P=0.011), but no significant correlation was found between coronary involvement and repolarization indexes.

Conclusions:

  • QT interval (corrected and non-corrected) and Tp-Te dispersion are significantly elevated in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease, reflecting repolarization abnormalities.
  • These findings suggest that repolarization changes are a notable feature during the acute phase of KD.
  • No correlation was identified between QT interval parameters and the extent of coronary artery involvement in the studied KD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
DispersionElectrocardiogramKawasaki

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