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Factors contributing to an accelerated decline in pulmonary function in asthma
Yoshihiro Kanemitsu1, Hisako Matsumoto1, Michiaki Mishima1
1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Summary
High serum periostin levels may predict accelerated pulmonary function decline in asthma patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). This finding helps identify individuals at risk for irreversible airflow limitation despite treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Biomarkers
- Asthma Research
Background:
- Asthma patients experience faster lung function decline than healthy individuals, often improving with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).
- Some patients develop irreversible airflow limitation despite adequate ICS treatment, necessitating better management strategies.
- Identifying biomarkers for pulmonary function decline and airway remodeling in asthma is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify serum biomarkers that predict pulmonary function decline in asthma patients receiving ICS treatment.
- To investigate the association between serum periostin levels and the annual decline in forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1).
Main Methods:
- A multicenter cohort study (Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference) was conducted.
- Serum levels of various markers, including periostin, were measured in asthma patients on ICS.
- The association between serum periostin levels (especially ≥95ng/mL) and annual FEV1 decline (≥30mL·yr-1) was analyzed.
- A specific variant (rs9603226) of the POSTN gene was also assessed for its association with FEV1 decline.
Main Results:
- High serum periostin levels (≥95ng/mL) were the only marker significantly associated with a greater annual decline in FEV1 (≥30mL·yr-1).
- The POSTN gene variant rs9603226 was also linked to the frequency of FEV1 decline.
Conclusions:
- Serum periostin level is a valuable biomarker for reflecting pulmonary function decline in asthma patients undergoing ICS treatment.
- Monitoring serum periostin may help identify patients at risk of progressive airflow limitation.
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