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General Structure of a Vertebra01:30

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A typical vertebra, with the exception of the sacrum and coccyx, consists of a body, a vertebral arch, and seven different projections termed processes. The anterior portion of the vertebrae, the body, supports about half the body’s weight. The vertebral bodies progressively increase in size and thickness from the cervical region to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The intervertebral discs present between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae firmly unites them, forming a continuous...
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Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
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Articulations of the Vertebral Column01:28

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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Understanding acute apophyseal spinous process avulsion injuries.

Steven M Koehler, Frances Rosario-Quinones, Jillian Mayer

    Orthopedics
    |April 26, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Apophyseal spinous process avulsion fractures are rare but can cause significant back pain in adolescent athletes. Surgical excision offers a definitive solution, enabling a rapid return to competitive sports.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Sports Medicine
    • Spinal Surgery

    Background:

    • Apophyseal spinous process avulsion injuries are infrequently reported, with limited literature since their initial description in 1941.
    • This case study details a second reported instance of this injury in an elite adolescent tennis player.

    Observation:

    • The patient presented with acute back pain, tenderness over the spinous process exacerbated by flexion.
    • Diagnostic imaging included radiographs with dynamic views, MRI, and CT.
    • Histopathological analysis revealed hypercellular fibrocartilage tissue at the avulsion site.

    Findings:

    • Surgical excision of the avulsed spinous process resulted in complete resolution of back pain.
    • Nonsurgical management failed in both reported cases.
    • Histopathology showed tissue similar to that seen in Osgood-Schlatter's disease.

    Implications:

    • Surgical excision is a viable and effective treatment for recalcitrant spinous process avulsion fractures in athletes.
    • This intervention allows for a definitive and simple treatment with an early return to high-level athletic activity.
    • Patients can typically return to their previous competitive level within six weeks post-surgery.