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B lymphocyte subsets in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

P Suranyi1, G Szegedi, S Damjanovich

  • 1II Department of Medicine, University Medical School, Debrecen, Hungary.

Immunology Letters
|August 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis show increased levels of CD5+ B lymphocytes, which are involved in autoantibody production. This increase is particularly pronounced in individuals with the HLA-DR3 phenotype, suggesting a link to autoimmune responses.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • B lymphocytes are crucial for adaptive immunity, with distinct subsets playing roles in immune responses.
  • CD5 molecule expression identifies a subset of B lymphocytes (CD5+ B cells) implicated in autoantibody synthesis.
  • Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a common autoimmune disease affecting the thyroid gland.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the proportion and absolute counts of CD5+ B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients.
  • To correlate these findings with Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) phenotypes and clinical features.
  • To explore the potential role of CD5+ B cells in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze peripheral blood B lymphocyte subsets.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantification of CD5+ B lymphocytes and total B lymphocytes (surface immunoglobulin-positive).
  • Comparison of cell counts between 31 Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients and 20 healthy controls, with stratification by HLA-DR3 status.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis exhibited significantly higher percentages and absolute counts of CD5+ B lymphocytes compared to controls.
    • The proportion of CD5+ B cells was markedly elevated in HLA-DR3 positive patients versus HLA-DR3 positive controls.
    • No significant difference in CD5+ B cell proportion was observed between HLA-DR3 negative patients and controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated with an increased number of activated B lymphocytes, likely involved in autoantibody production.
    • The expansion of CD5+ B cells is particularly prominent in patients with the HLA-DR3 phenotype.
    • These findings suggest a specific immunological defect contributing to autoimmunity in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, especially in DR3+ individuals.