Breast metastasis from multiple primary rhabdomyosarcoma in upper extremity

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pediatric Oncology
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents.
• Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive subtype with a propensity for metastasis.
• Metastasis to the breast is an extremely rare presentation of rhabdomyosarcoma.

Observation:

• A 16-year-old female presented with a contralateral breast mass.
• The patient had a history of multiple primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the right upper extremity with lung metastasis.
• Excisional biopsy confirmed metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma in the breast.

Findings:

• The patient received aggressive chemotherapy and underwent a subcutaneous total mastectomy.
• Despite treatment, she developed widespread bone and lung metastasis.
• The patient ultimately expired due to disease progression.

Implications:

• Metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma to the breast, though rare, should be considered in adolescent females.
• This case highlights the aggressive nature of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, particularly when originating in an extremity.
• Early recognition and comprehensive management are crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma patients.