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Synchronization and liquid crystalline order in soft active fluids.

M Leoni1, T B Liverpool2

  • 1School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Clifton, Bristol BS8 1TW, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|April 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We present a theory for soft active fluids that can synchronize. Synchronization can influence the emergence of orientational order, leading to liquid crystal-like states or collective synchronized behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Active matter physics
  • Theoretical physics

Background:

  • Active fluids exhibit complex behaviors due to self-propulsion.
  • Interactions and internal dynamics drive emergent phenomena in active matter.
  • Synchronization is a key collective behavior in various physical systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a phenomenological theory for soft active fluids with synchronization capabilities.
  • To investigate the interplay between orientational order and phase synchronization.
  • To explore the conditions promoting or inhibiting these emergent states.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a theoretical framework for interacting anisotropic elements with cyclic internal dynamics.
  • Derivation of equations for spatially homogeneous systems.
  • Analysis of hydrodynamic fluctuations in ordered states.

Main Results:

  • The system can exhibit spontaneous orientational order (liquid crystal state).
  • The system can achieve a synchronized state of phase variables.
  • Synchronization can either promote or inhibit orientational order, and vice versa.
  • A microscopic realization involving microswimmers is proposed.

Conclusions:

  • A unified theoretical framework captures diverse emergent behaviors in soft active fluids.
  • The interplay between synchronization and orientational order is complex and bidirectional.
  • The theory provides insights into the design principles for active matter systems with tailored collective behaviors.