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Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

40.5K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

13.1K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

10.5K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
10.5K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Imaging Odor-Evoked Activities in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb using Optical Reflectance and Autofluorescence Signals
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Imaging Odor-Evoked Activities in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb using Optical Reflectance and Autofluorescence Signals

Published on: October 31, 2011

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Visualizing olfactory learning functional imaging of experience-induced olfactory bulb changes.

Max L Fletcher1, Mounir Bendahmane1

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.

Progress in Brain Research
|April 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Olfactory bulb circuits change with experience, forming odor memories. Optical imaging visualizes these plasticity changes and their impact on odor representations in the olfactory bulb.

Keywords:
calcium imagingglomerulilearningolfactory bulboptical imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Olfactory System Research
  • Sensory Processing

Background:

  • Sensory neuron input in the olfactory system creates spatial maps of odor information.
  • Neuronal representations can change with learning and experience in sensory systems.
  • The olfactory bulb shows structural and physiological changes due to experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate experience-induced changes in the olfactory bulb circuit.
  • To understand how these changes contribute to odor memory formation.
  • To utilize optical imaging for visualizing olfactory learning's impact.

Main Methods:

  • Employing optical imaging techniques.
  • Studying changes in glomerular activity within the olfactory bulb.
  • Examining various learning paradigms including habituation, chronic exposure, and associative conditioning.

Main Results:

  • Optical imaging successfully visualized experience-induced alterations in glomerular odor representations.
  • Changes were observed across different learning paradigms.
  • These findings highlight the olfactory bulb's role in olfactory learning and memory.

Conclusions:

  • The olfactory bulb is a key site for initial odor memory formation.
  • Experience-driven plasticity in the olfactory bulb modifies odor representations.
  • Optical imaging is a powerful tool for studying olfactory learning and memory.