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Longitudinal assessment of default-mode brain function in aging.

Jonas Persson1, Sara Pudas2, Lars-Göran Nilsson3

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This summary is machine-generated.

Healthy aging shows stable default-mode network (DMN) connectivity over six years. However, older adults exhibit reduced DMN deactivation during memory tasks, suggesting age-related functional changes in brain networks.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Aging
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Previous cross-sectional studies noted age-related alterations in the default-mode network (DMN).
  • Longitudinal data on DMN changes in healthy aging is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate longitudinal changes in DMN activity and functional connectivity.
  • To examine how aging affects DMN engagement during an episodic memory task.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to scan cognitively intact participants (aged 49-79 at baseline) twice over a 6-year interval.
  • Participants underwent scanning during an episodic memory task and a passive control condition.
  • Longitudinal analyses assessed DMN identification, task-induced deactivation, and within-network connectivity.

Main Results:

  • The DMN was reliably identified at both baseline and follow-up.
  • Reduced task-induced deactivation in posterior DMN regions was observed with increasing age.
  • Whole-brain DMN topology and connectivity remained stable, but individual memory changes correlated with connectivity changes.

Conclusions:

  • DMN topology and whole-brain connectivity are stable in healthy older adults over six years.
  • Reduced deactivation in specific DMN regions indicates age-related functional changes.
  • These findings offer insights into brain aging and may help differentiate normal from pathological aging processes.