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Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

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RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
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Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
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Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

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Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
09:35

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Published on: February 1, 2017

12.9K

[Reverse genetics of Hepatitis B virus].

Sayuki Iijima1, Yoshihito Tanaka

  • 1Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences.

Uirusu
|April 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global health challenge. Reverse genetics techniques, applied to HBV genotypes from patients, are clarifying genotype-specific disease mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genetics
  • Hepatology

Context:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global health issue.
  • Established HBV experimental systems (in vitro and in vivo) are limited due to the virus's narrow host range.
  • Research has historically relied on clinical medicine and epidemiology.

Purpose:

  • To introduce research utilizing reverse genetics to understand HBV.
  • To analyze HBV pathogenesis in relation to different genotypes.
  • To highlight the contribution of reverse genetics to HBV research.

Summary:

  • HBV clones from chronic hepatitis B patients were established.
  • Reverse genetics techniques were employed for analysis.
  • The relationship between HBV genotypes and pathogenesis is being elucidated.

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Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection
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Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection

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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
09:35

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Published on: February 1, 2017

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Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection
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Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection

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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
10:25

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

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Impact:

  • Advances understanding of HBV genotype-specific disease mechanisms.
  • Provides insights into HBV pathogenesis.
  • Demonstrates the utility of reverse genetics in studying viruses with narrow host ranges.