Imaging of native high-density lipoprotein in human coronary plaques by color fluorescent angioscopy
Yasuto Uchida1, Nobuyuki Hiruta, Daisuke Yamanoi
1Department of Cardiology, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital.
Insights
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) deposits more in early atherosclerotic plaques but less in advanced ones. This visualization technique helps understand HDL
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular biology
- Atherosclerosis research
- Medical imaging
Background:
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is crucial for reverse cholesterol transport.
- HDL plays a role in halting atherosclerosis progression.
- Visualizing native HDL in coronary arteries is key to understanding its role in disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To visualize native high-density lipoprotein (HDL) within the human coronary arterial wall.
- To investigate HDL distribution in normal and atherosclerotic coronary segments.
Main Methods:
- Color fluorescent microscopy (CFM) and color fluorescent angioscopy (CFA) were used.
- Fast green dye (FG) served as a biomarker for HDL.
- Immunostaining with an anti-HDL antibody was employed for localization comparison.
Main Results:
- HDL fluorescence was characterized using CFM (excitation 470 nm, emission 515 nm).
- HDL incidence was 33% in normal segments, 76% in white plaques, and 21% in yellow plaques.
- HDL localization by CFM matched immunostaining results.
Conclusions:
- HDL deposits infrequently in normal coronary segments.
- HDL deposition increases with early plaque formation (white plaques).
- HDL deposition decreases in advanced plaque stages (yellow plaques).
Background:
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a key role in reverse cholesterol transport, and halts the progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to visualize native HDL in the human coronary arterial wall.
Methods And Results:
The fluorescence characteristics of HDL were investigated by color fluorescent microscopy (CFM) using excitation at 470 nm and emission at 515 nm with Fast green dye (FG) as the biomarker. HDL in 30 normal coronary segments, and in 25 white and 25 yellow plaques in excised human coronary arteries, was visualized by color fluorescent angioscopy (CFA) and CFM. Localization of HDL visualized by CFM was compared with that stained by immunostaining using an anti-HDL antibody. FG elicited a characteristic brown fluorescence of HDL. By CFA, the percent incidence of HDL in normal segments, white (early stage of plaque growth) and yellow (advanced stage of plaque growth) plaques was, respectively, 33%, 76% (P<0.05 vs. normal segments and yellow plaques) and 21%. Localization of HDL visualized by CFM did not differ from that stained by immunostaining.
Conclusions:
In the human coronary arterial wall, HDL deposits infrequently in normal segments, but increasingly deposits with plaque formation, and decreases in the advanced stage of plaque growth.
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