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Task-modulated coactivation of vergence neural substrates.

Rajbir Jaswal1, Suril Gohel, Bharat B Biswal

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey.

Brain Connectivity
|April 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals that vergence training improves brain activity and connectivity in individuals with convergence insufficiency (CI). This study highlights increased functional activity and task-modulated coactivation in key brain regions after training.

Keywords:
Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Surveycerebellar vermisconvergence insufficiencyfrontal eye fieldsposterior parietal cortextask-modulated coactivationvergence

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used to identify active brain regions during eye movements.
  • Understanding task-modulated coactivation between brain regions during vergence is crucial but less understood.
  • Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a condition affecting eye coordination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate task-modulated coactivation between frontal eye fields (FEFs), posterior parietal cortex (PPC), and cerebellar vermis (CV) during vergence.
  • To compare functional activity and coactivation between binocularly normal controls (BNCs) and CI subjects.
  • To assess the impact of vergence training on functional activity and coactivation in CI subjects.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI with a block design comparing sustained fixation and vergence eye movements.
  • Analysis of blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) percent signal change for functional activity.
  • ROI-based task-modulated coactivation analysis to assess correlations between FEF, PPC, and CV.

Main Results:

  • CI subjects showed reduced BOLD signal change in CV, FEFs, and PPC compared to BNCs.
  • Vergence training significantly increased BOLD signal change in CV, FEF, and PPC in CI subjects.
  • Task-modulated coactivation increased between FEFs and CV, and PPC and CV after training in CI subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Vergence training enhances brain activity and neural network connectivity in individuals with CI.
  • fMRI can effectively measure the neurophysiological changes associated with vergence training.
  • Findings suggest that FEFs, PPC, and CV play a critical role in vergence control and are modifiable with training.